Balkans, the next front line ? 150 pages

Description

The Balkans, a historic region at the crossroads between Central and Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean, remains a centre of strategic interest on an international scale.

The recognition of Kosovo by some Western powers not only led to local repercussions, but also provided a pretext for actors like Vladimir Putin to support the independence of Ossetia and Abkhazia in the Caucasus. This context illustrates the concept of “balkanization,” which describes the process of dividing or fragmenting a region, country, or political entity into smaller and often less stable entities. The term originated in the Balkan region and can result from a variety of factors, such as deep ethnic tensions, internal political conflicts, separatist aspirations or external interventions. These forces can lead to the formation of new political entities based on distinct ethnic, linguistic, or religious identities, often resulting in territorial divisions and prolonged instability. Balkanization has far-reaching consequences, including armed conflicts, forced displacement, and social and humanitarian crises. This concept goes beyond its original geographical context and is used to describe similar phenomena in other parts of the world where centrifugal forces threaten the integrity of nation-states. Thus, balkanization represents a major challenge to political stability and social cohesion, requiring significant mediation and consolidation efforts to restore order and promote lasting peace.

This special issue offers an exploration of the Balkans in their contemporary context, highlighting the tensions that shape its political, cultural and economic landscape. The delicate balance between different opposing forces exposes the region to complex challenges and external interventions that have global implications. The European Union, too, is trying to maintain a neutral stance while seeking to influence regional stability.

In this dossier, we delve into the geopolitics of the Balkans, exploring the power dynamics between local and international actors. We analyze the historical rivalries, security issues, and nationalist aspirations that shape the region. This dossier also examines how the Balkans have become a battleground for various world powers, highlighting their instrumentalization and impact on regional stability.

Finally, this study offers a global vision of the Balkans and a nuanced analysis of the challenges and opportunities facing the region. It invites an in-depth reflection on the role of the Balkans in international relations.

Good reading!