The files we follow: International drug trafficking, Geopolitics of transboundary water resources
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In October 2024, the UN published a report assessing the state of international cooperation on transboundary water resources, aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 6.5.2. This indicator tracks progress in integrated water resources management (IWRM) for shared basins—an essential goal in a world where 60% of freshwater flows through transboundary basins. However, according to this report, only 59% of shared basins are covered by operational cooperation agreements—a number that has remained unchanged since 2017, revealing that shared governance progress is insufficient to meet sustainable development and climate adaptation needs by 2030.
The lack of effective cooperation is troubling, as it increases the risk of conflicts over resources and limits opportunities for climate adaptation. This concern is particularly acute in regions such as the Middle East and North Africa, where shared river basins and aquifers are essential to millions of people. The UN report thus emphasizes the urgent need to strengthen legal and institutional frameworks to ensure fair and sustainable resource sharing.
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